| 10th United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1800) |
|||
|
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration: March 4, 1807 – March 3, 1809 | |||
|
|
|||
| Senate President: | George Clinton | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | Samuel Smith Stephen R. Bradley John Milledge |
||
| House Speaker: | Joseph Bradley Varnum | ||
| Members: | 34 Senators 142 Representatives 3 Non-voting members |
||
| Senate Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
|
|
|||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st: October 26, 1807 – April 25, 1808 2nd: November 7, 1808 – March 3, 1809 |
|||
|
|||
The Tenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1807 to March 3, 1809, during the seventh and eighth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had an overwhelming Democratic-Republican majority.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) |
|||
| End of the previous congress | 27 | 7 | 34 | 0 |
| Begin | 28 | 6 | 34 | 0 |
| End | ||||
| Final voting share | 82.4% | 17.6% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 26 | 7 | 33 | 0 |
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) |
|||
| End of the previous congress | 113 | 28 | 141 | 1 |
| Begin | 115 | 25 | 140 | 2 |
| End | 27 | 142 | 0 | |
| Final voting share | 81.0% | 19.0% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 95 | 47 | 142 | 0 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 Senators' terms ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1808; Class 2 Senators' terms began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1810; and Class 3 Senators' terms began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1812.
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
There were 5 resignations, 2 deaths, and 1 interim appointment. Neither party had a net change.
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgia (2) |
Abraham Baldwin (DR) | Died March 4, 1807 | George Jones (DR) | Appointed August 27, 1807 |
| Connecticut (3) |
Uriah Tracy (F) | Died July 19, 1807 | Chauncey Goodrich (F) | Seated October 25, 1807 |
| Rhode Island (2) |
James Fenner (DR) | Resigned September, 1807 to become Governor of Rhode Island | Elisha Mathewson (DR) | Seated October 26, 1807 |
| Vermont (1) |
Israel Smith (DR) | Resigned October 1, 1807 to become Governor of Vermont | Jonathan Robinson (DR) | Seated October 10, 1807 |
| Georgia (2) |
George Jones (DR) | Successor elected November 7, 1807 | William H. Crawford (DR) | Seated November 7, 1807 |
| Ohio (1) |
John Smith (DR) | Resigned April 25, 1808 | Return J. Meigs, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 12, 1808 |
| Massachusetts (1) |
John Quincy Adams (F) | Resigned June 8, 1808 | James Lloyd (F) | Seated June 9, 1808 |
| Pennsylvania (1) |
Samuel Maclay (DR) | Resigned January 4, 1809 | Michael Leib (DR) | Seated January 9, 1809 |
Of the voting members, there were 4 resignations, 4 deaths, and 2 vacancies from the beginning of this Congress. Democratic-Republicans had no net change and Federalists picked up 2 seats.
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 6th |
Vacant | Levi Casey (DR) died before the end of the preceding Congress | Joseph Calhoun (DR) | Seated June 2, 1807 |
| Delaware At-large |
Vacant | James M. Broom (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress | Nicholas Van Dyke (F) | Seated October 6, 1807 |
| Massachusetts 12th |
Barnabas Bidwell (DR) | Resigned July 13, 1807 after becoming Attorney General of Massachusetts | Ezekiel Bacon (DR) | Seated September 16, 1807 |
| North Carolina 7th |
John Culpepper (F) | Seat declared vacant January 2, 1808 | John Culpepper (F) | Seated February 23, 1808 |
| New Jersey At-large |
Ezra Darby (DR) | Died January 27, 1808 | Adam Boyd (DR) | Seated March 8, 1808 |
| Indiana Territory At-large |
Benjamin Parke |
Resigned March 1, 1808 | Jesse B. Thomas | October 22, 1808 |
| Pennsylvania 1st |
Joseph Clay (DR) | Resigned March 28, 1808 | Benjamin Say (DR) | Seated November 16, 1808 |
| Massachusetts 2nd |
Jacob Crowninshield (DR) | Died April 15, 1808 | Joseph Story (DR) | Seated May 23, 1808 |
| New York 12th |
David Thomas (DR) | Resigned May 1, 1808 after becoming New York State Treasurer | Nathan Wilson (DR) | November 7, 1808 |
| Vermont 1st |
James Witherell (DR) | Resigned May 1, 1808 after becoming judge of Supreme Court for Michigan Territory | Samuel Shaw (DR) | Seated September 6, 1808 |
| Rhode Island At-large |
Nehemiah Knight (DR) | Died June 13, 1808 | Richard Jackson, Jr. (F) | Seated November 11, 1808 |
| Virginia 17th |
John Claiborne (DR) | Died October 9, 1808 | Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR) | Seated November 7, 1808 |
|
||||||||||||||||||